http://www.globalwarmingskeptics.info/forums/ Thu, 02 Sep 2010 23:36:39 +0000 MyBB http://www.globalwarmingskeptics.info/forums/thread-606.html Sun, 14 Mar 2010 01:46:38 -0600 http://www.globalwarmingskeptics.info/forums/thread-606.html
Lee Clayton, John W. Attig, David M. Mickelson,
Mark D. Johnson, and Kent M. Syverson
Educational Series 36
2006
Third edition

EXCERPT:

Figure 1. Phases of glaciation. A phase is a geologic event rather than a period of time. Most phases represent at least a minor advance of the edge of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Each line marks the southern edge of the ice sheet during a phase of glaciation. For example, during the Johnstown Phase of the Wisconsin Glaciation, the southern edge of the Green Bay Lobe (see fi g. 4 for lobe locations) of the Laurentide Ice Sheet advanced to the
line marked “Johnstown” in south-central Wisconsin; figure 3 shows that this occurred approximately 16,000 years before present. Only the most recent phase is shown at any location.

PDF LINK]]>
Lee Clayton, John W. Attig, David M. Mickelson,
Mark D. Johnson, and Kent M. Syverson
Educational Series 36
2006
Third edition

EXCERPT:

Figure 1. Phases of glaciation. A phase is a geologic event rather than a period of time. Most phases represent at least a minor advance of the edge of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Each line marks the southern edge of the ice sheet during a phase of glaciation. For example, during the Johnstown Phase of the Wisconsin Glaciation, the southern edge of the Green Bay Lobe (see fi g. 4 for lobe locations) of the Laurentide Ice Sheet advanced to the
line marked “Johnstown” in south-central Wisconsin; figure 3 shows that this occurred approximately 16,000 years before present. Only the most recent phase is shown at any location.

PDF LINK]]> http://www.globalwarmingskeptics.info/forums/thread-498.html Sat, 06 Feb 2010 13:38:56 -0600 http://www.globalwarmingskeptics.info/forums/thread-498.html
Gerald E. Marsh
(Submitted on 2 Feb 2010)

EXCERPT:

The existing understanding of interglacial periods is that they are initiated by Milankovitch cycles enhanced by rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. During interglacials, global temperature is also believed to be primarily controlled by carbon dioxide concentrations, modulated by internal processes such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and the North Atlantic Oscillation. Recent work challenges the fundamental basis of these conceptions.

LINK

FULL PDF here.]]>
Gerald E. Marsh
(Submitted on 2 Feb 2010)

EXCERPT:

The existing understanding of interglacial periods is that they are initiated by Milankovitch cycles enhanced by rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. During interglacials, global temperature is also believed to be primarily controlled by carbon dioxide concentrations, modulated by internal processes such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and the North Atlantic Oscillation. Recent work challenges the fundamental basis of these conceptions.

LINK

FULL PDF here.]]> http://www.globalwarmingskeptics.info/forums/thread-472.html Sat, 23 Jan 2010 18:30:18 -0600 http://www.globalwarmingskeptics.info/forums/thread-472.html
Jan. 11, 2010

EXCERPT:

In a vivid example of how a small geographic feature can have far-reaching impacts on climate, new research shows that water levels in the Bering Strait helped drive global climate patterns during ice age episodes dating back more than 100,000 years.

The international study, led by scientists at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), found that the repeated opening and closing of the narrow strait due to fluctuating sea levels affected currents that transported heat and salinity in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. As a result, summer temperatures in parts of North America and Greenland oscillated between warmer and colder phases, causing ice sheets to alternate between expansion and retreat and affecting sea levels worldwide.

LINK]]>
Jan. 11, 2010

EXCERPT:

In a vivid example of how a small geographic feature can have far-reaching impacts on climate, new research shows that water levels in the Bering Strait helped drive global climate patterns during ice age episodes dating back more than 100,000 years.

The international study, led by scientists at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), found that the repeated opening and closing of the narrow strait due to fluctuating sea levels affected currents that transported heat and salinity in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. As a result, summer temperatures in parts of North America and Greenland oscillated between warmer and colder phases, causing ice sheets to alternate between expansion and retreat and affecting sea levels worldwide.

LINK]]> http://www.globalwarmingskeptics.info/forums/thread-471.html Sat, 23 Jan 2010 18:21:44 -0600 http://www.globalwarmingskeptics.info/forums/thread-471.html
Jan. 20, 2010

EXCERPT:

Ice Age climate records from an Arizona stalagmite link the Southwest's winter precipitation to temperatures in the North Atlantic, according to new research.

The finding is the first to document that the abrupt changes in Ice Age climate known from Greenland also occurred in the southwestern U.S., said co-author Julia E. Cole of the University of Arizona in Tucson.

"It's a new picture of the climate in the Southwest during the last Ice Age," said Cole, a UA professor of geosciences. "When it was cold in Greenland, it was wet here, and when it was warm in Greenland, it was dry here."

LINK]]>
Jan. 20, 2010

EXCERPT:

Ice Age climate records from an Arizona stalagmite link the Southwest's winter precipitation to temperatures in the North Atlantic, according to new research.

The finding is the first to document that the abrupt changes in Ice Age climate known from Greenland also occurred in the southwestern U.S., said co-author Julia E. Cole of the University of Arizona in Tucson.

"It's a new picture of the climate in the Southwest during the last Ice Age," said Cole, a UA professor of geosciences. "When it was cold in Greenland, it was wet here, and when it was warm in Greenland, it was dry here."

LINK]]> http://www.globalwarmingskeptics.info/forums/thread-469.html Sat, 23 Jan 2010 18:13:12 -0600 http://www.globalwarmingskeptics.info/forums/thread-469.html
6-2009

EXCERPT:

Reference
Chaujar, R.K. 2009. Climate change and its impact on the Himalayan glaciers - a case study on the Chorabari glacier, Garhwal Himalaya, India. Current Science 96: 703-708.

What was done
"Based on the dating of lichens, developed on loops of moraines formed due to various stages of advance and retreat of the [Chorabari] glacier," the author pinpoints the time at which the warming that led to the demise of the Little Ice Age -- and, ultimately, the ushering in of the Current Warm Period -- began in the Kedarnath temple area of the Garhwal Himalayas, after which he briefly reviews the similar findings of others at a variety of places around the globe.


LINK]]>
6-2009

EXCERPT:

Reference
Chaujar, R.K. 2009. Climate change and its impact on the Himalayan glaciers - a case study on the Chorabari glacier, Garhwal Himalaya, India. Current Science 96: 703-708.

What was done
"Based on the dating of lichens, developed on loops of moraines formed due to various stages of advance and retreat of the [Chorabari] glacier," the author pinpoints the time at which the warming that led to the demise of the Little Ice Age -- and, ultimately, the ushering in of the Current Warm Period -- began in the Kedarnath temple area of the Garhwal Himalayas, after which he briefly reviews the similar findings of others at a variety of places around the globe.


LINK]]> http://www.globalwarmingskeptics.info/forums/thread-467.html Sat, 23 Jan 2010 17:55:08 -0600 http://www.globalwarmingskeptics.info/forums/thread-467.html
A.T. Grove1
(1) Department of Geography, Downing Place, Cambridge, CB2 3EN, United Kingdom

EXCERPT:

Abstract Alpine glacier advances in the "Little Ice Age" took place in the decades around 1320, 1600, 1700 and 1810. They were the outcome of snowier winters and cooler summers than those of the twentieth century. Documentary records from Crete in particular, and also from Italy, southern France and southeast Spain point to a greater frequency in Mediterranean Europe's mountainous regions of severe floods, droughts and frosts at times of "Little Ice Age" Alpine glacier advances.

LINK]]>
A.T. Grove1
(1) Department of Geography, Downing Place, Cambridge, CB2 3EN, United Kingdom

EXCERPT:

Abstract Alpine glacier advances in the "Little Ice Age" took place in the decades around 1320, 1600, 1700 and 1810. They were the outcome of snowier winters and cooler summers than those of the twentieth century. Documentary records from Crete in particular, and also from Italy, southern France and southeast Spain point to a greater frequency in Mediterranean Europe's mountainous regions of severe floods, droughts and frosts at times of "Little Ice Age" Alpine glacier advances.

LINK]]> http://www.globalwarmingskeptics.info/forums/thread-461.html Tue, 19 Jan 2010 21:30:08 -0600 http://www.globalwarmingskeptics.info/forums/thread-461.html
Reference
Nesje, A. 2009. Latest Pleistocene and Holocene alpine glacier fluctuations in Scandinavia. Quaternary Science Reviews 28: 2119-2136.

What was done
The author compiled, assessed and evaluated "evidence of Lateglacial and Holocene glacier fluctuations in Scandinavia as deduced from ice-marginal features, marginal moraines, proglacial terrestrial and lacustrine sites, especially new information that has become available since the review paper published by Karlen (1988)."

What was learned
Nesje reports that his data compilation indicates "significant Lateglacial ice-sheet fluctuations, glacial contraction and disappearance during the early and mid-Holocene and subsequent Neoglacial expansion, peaking during the 'Little Ice Age' [italics added]," which observations, in his words, are "in good agreement with other presently glaciated regions in the world," as he says has been described by Solomina et al. (2008) and "references therein."

LINK]]>
Reference
Nesje, A. 2009. Latest Pleistocene and Holocene alpine glacier fluctuations in Scandinavia. Quaternary Science Reviews 28: 2119-2136.

What was done
The author compiled, assessed and evaluated "evidence of Lateglacial and Holocene glacier fluctuations in Scandinavia as deduced from ice-marginal features, marginal moraines, proglacial terrestrial and lacustrine sites, especially new information that has become available since the review paper published by Karlen (1988)."

What was learned
Nesje reports that his data compilation indicates "significant Lateglacial ice-sheet fluctuations, glacial contraction and disappearance during the early and mid-Holocene and subsequent Neoglacial expansion, peaking during the 'Little Ice Age' [italics added]," which observations, in his words, are "in good agreement with other presently glaciated regions in the world," as he says has been described by Solomina et al. (2008) and "references therein."

LINK]]> http://www.globalwarmingskeptics.info/forums/thread-460.html Tue, 19 Jan 2010 08:42:00 -0600 http://www.globalwarmingskeptics.info/forums/thread-460.html
STEVEN M. STANLEY

Johns Hopkins University

WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN

University of Virginia

ABSTRACT

Long-term climatic trends culminated in the recent ice age of the Northern Hemisphere. As late as mid-Pliocene time, however, many sectors of the North Atlantic region remained substantially warmer than today. Oxygen isotope ratios for marine microfossils indicate that a pulse of cooling occurred relatively suddenly at high and middle latitudes at ~3.2 to 3.1 million years ago (Ma) and that large ice sheets formed ~2.5 Ma, when more severe cooling and regional drying of climates occurred. Cycles of glacial expansion and contraction reflected orbital forcing at periodicities of ~41,000 yr until about 0.9 Ma and ~100,000 yr thereafter.

LINK]]>
STEVEN M. STANLEY

Johns Hopkins University

WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN

University of Virginia

ABSTRACT

Long-term climatic trends culminated in the recent ice age of the Northern Hemisphere. As late as mid-Pliocene time, however, many sectors of the North Atlantic region remained substantially warmer than today. Oxygen isotope ratios for marine microfossils indicate that a pulse of cooling occurred relatively suddenly at high and middle latitudes at ~3.2 to 3.1 million years ago (Ma) and that large ice sheets formed ~2.5 Ma, when more severe cooling and regional drying of climates occurred. Cycles of glacial expansion and contraction reflected orbital forcing at periodicities of ~41,000 yr until about 0.9 Ma and ~100,000 yr thereafter.

LINK]]> http://www.globalwarmingskeptics.info/forums/thread-445.html Sat, 09 Jan 2010 18:00:20 -0600 http://www.globalwarmingskeptics.info/forums/thread-445.html 1968:
Vol. 159. no. 3812, pp. 297 - 300
DOI: 10.1126/science.159.3812.297

EXCERPT:

Barbados provides a possibly unique opportunity for reconstruction of the times and elevations of late-Pleistocene high stands of the sea. The island appears to be rising from the sea at a uniform rate that is fast enough to separate in elevation coral-reef tracts formed at successive high stands of the sea.

SCIENCE]]> 1968:
Vol. 159. no. 3812, pp. 297 - 300
DOI: 10.1126/science.159.3812.297

EXCERPT:

Barbados provides a possibly unique opportunity for reconstruction of the times and elevations of late-Pleistocene high stands of the sea. The island appears to be rising from the sea at a uniform rate that is fast enough to separate in elevation coral-reef tracts formed at successive high stands of the sea.

SCIENCE]]>